My first post

2020-04-18 about 3405 words 16 min

Discover what the Hugo - LoveIt theme is all about and the core-concepts behind it.

1 Requirements

Thanks to the simplicity of Hugo, Hugo is the only dependency of this theme.

Just install latest version of Hugo extended (> 0.62.0) for your OS (Windows, Linux, macOS).

Why not support earlier versions of Hugo?

Since Markdown Render Hooks was introduced in the Hugo Christmas Edition, this theme only supports Hugo versions above 0.62.0.

Why need the Hugo extended version?

Since this theme processes SCSS to CSS, Hugo needs to be the extended version.

2 Installation

The following steps are here to help you initialize your new website. If you don’t know Hugo at all, we strongly suggest you learn more about it by following this great documentation for beginners.

2.1 Create Your Project

Hugo provides a new command to create a new website:

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hugo new site my_website
cd my_website

2.2 Install the Theme

The LoveIt theme’s repository is: https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.

You can download the latest release .zip file of the theme and extract it in the themes directory.

Alternatively, clone this repository to the themes directory:

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git clone https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.git themes/LoveIt

Or, create an empty git repository and make this repository a submodule of your site directory:

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git init
git submodule add https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.git themes/LoveIt

2.3 Basic Configuration

The following is a basic configuration for the LoveIt theme:

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baseURL = "http://example.org/"
# [en, zh-cn, fr, ...] determines default content language
defaultContentLanguage = "en"
# language code
languageCode = "en"
title = "My New Hugo Site"

# Change the default theme to be use when building the site with Hugo
theme = "LoveIt"

[params]
  # LoveIt theme version
  version = "0.1.X"

[menu]
  [[menu.main]]
    identifier = "posts"
    # you can add extra information before the name (HTML format is supported), such as icons
    pre = ""
    name = "Posts"
    url = "/posts/"
    # title will be shown when you hover on this menu link
    title = ""
    weight = 1
  [[menu.main]]
    identifier = "tags"
    pre = ""
    name = "Tags"
    url = "/tags/"
    title = ""
    weight = 2
  [[menu.main]]
    identifier = "categories"
    pre = ""
    name = "Categories"
    url = "/categories/"
    title = ""
    weight = 3

Note

When building the website, you can set a theme by using --theme option. However, we suggest you modify the configuration file (config.toml) and set the theme as the default.

2.4 Create Your First Post

Here is the way to create your first post:

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hugo new posts/first_post.md

Feel free to edit the post file by adding some sample content and replacing the title value in the beginning of the file.

Note

By default all posts and pages are created as a draft. If you want to render these pages, remove the property draft: true from the metadata or set the property draft: false.

2.5 Launching the Website Locally

Launch by using the following command:

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hugo serve

Go to http://localhost:1313.

Tip

When you run hugo serve, when the contents of the files change, the page automatically refreshes with the changes.

2.6 Build the Website

When your site is ready to deploy, run the following command:

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hugo

A public folder will be generated, containing all static content and assets for your website. It can now be deployed on any web server.

Tip

The website can be automatically published and hosted with Netlify (Read more about Automated HUGO deployments with Netlify). Alternatively, you can use AWS Amplify, Github pages, Render and more…

3 Configuration

3.1 Site Configuration

In addition to Hugo global configuration and menu configuration, LoveIt lets you define the following parameters in your site configuration (here is a config.toml, whose values are default).

Note

Note that some of these parameters are explained in details in other sections of this documentation.

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[params]
  # LoveIt theme version
  version = "0.1.X"
  # site description
  description = "This is My New Hugo Site"
  # site keywords
  keywords = ["Theme", "Hugo"]
  # site default theme ("light", "dark", "auto")
  defaultTheme = "auto"
  # public git repo url only then enableGitInfo is true
  gitRepo = ""
  #  which hash function used for SRI, when empty, no SRI is used
  # ("sha256", "sha384", "sha512", "md5")
  fingerprint = ""
  #  Search
  [params.search]
    enable = true
    # type of search engine ("lunr", "algolia")
    type = "lunr"
    # index length of the content
    contentLength = 5000
    [params.search.algolia]
      index = ""
      appID = ""
      searchKey = ""
  # Header info
  [params.header]
    # desktop header mode ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
    desktopMode = "fixed"
    # mobile header mode ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
    mobileMode = "auto"
  # Footer Copyright Info
  [params.footer]
    # Site creation time
    since = 2019
    # ICP info only in China (HTML format is supported)
    icp = ""
    # license info (HTML format is supported)
    license = '<a rel="license external nofollow noopener noreffer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>'
  # Home Page Info
  [params.home]
    # Home Page Profile
    [params.home.profile]
      enable = true
      # Gravatar Email for preferred avatar in home page
      gravatarEmail = ""
      # URL of avatar shown in home page
      avatarURL = "/images/avatar.png"
      # subtitle shown in home page
      subtitle = "This is My New Hugo Site"
      # whether to use typeit animation for subtitle
      typeit = true
      # whether to show social links
      social = true
      #  disclaimer (HTML format is supported)
      disclaimer = ""
    # Home Page Posts
    [params.home.posts]
      enable = true
      # special amount of posts in each home posts page
      paginate = 6
      # default behavior when you don't set "hiddenFromHomePage" in front matter
      defaultHiddenFromHomePage = false
  # Social Info in home page
  [params.social]
    GitHub = "xxxx"
    Linkedin = "xxxx"
    Twitter = "xxxx"
    Instagram = "xxxx"
    Email = "[email protected]"
    Facebook = "xxxx"
    Telegram = "xxxx"
    # Medium = "xxxx"
    # Gitlab = "xxxx"
    Youtubelegacy = "xxxx"
    # Youtubecustom = "xxxx"
    # Youtubechannel = "xxxx"
    # Tumblr ="xxxx"
    # Quora = "xxxx"
    # Keybase = "xxxx"
    # Pinterest = "xxxx"
    # Reddit = "xxxx"
    # Codepen = "xxxx"
    # FreeCodeCamp = "xxxx"
    # Bitbucket = "xxxx"
    # Stackoverflow = "xxxx"
    # Weibo = "xxxx"
    # Odnoklassniki = "xxxx"
    # VK = "xxxx"
    # Flickr = "xxxx"
    # Xing = "xxxx"
    # Snapchat = "xxxx"
    # Soundcloud = "xxxx"
    # Spotify = "xxxx"
    # Bandcamp = "xxxx"
    # Paypal = "xxxx"
    # Fivehundredpx = "xxxx"
    # Mix = "xxxx"
    # Goodreads = "xxxx"
    # Lastfm = "xxxx"
    # Foursquare = "xxxx"
    # Hackernews = "xxxx"
    # Kickstarter = "xxxx"
    # Patreon = "xxxx"
    # Steam = "xxxx"
    # Twitch = "xxxx"
    # Strava = "xxxx"
    # Skype = "xxxx"
    # Whatsapp = "xxxx"
    # Zhihu = "xxxx"
    # Douban = "xxxx"
    # Angellist = "xxxx"
    # Slidershare = "xxxx"
    # Jsfiddle = "xxxx"
    # Deviantart = "xxxx"
    # Behance = "xxxx"
    # Dribble = "xxxx"
    # Wordpress = "xxxx"
    # Vine = "xxxx"
    # Googlescholar = "xxxx"
    # Researchgate = "xxxx"
    # Mastodon = "xxxx"
    # MastodonPrefix = "https://mastodon.technology/"
    # Thingiverse = "xxxx"
    # Devto = "xxxx"
    # Gitea = "xxxx"
    # XMPP = "xxxx"
    # Matrix = "xxxx"
    # Bilibili = "xxxx"

  # Page config
  [params.page]
    # whether to use lightgallery in the page
    lightgallery = true
    # whether to show link to Raw Markdown content of the post
    linkToMarkdown = true
  # KaTeX mathematical formulas
  [params.math]
    enable = true
    # default block delimiter is $$ ... $$ and \\[ ... \\]
    blockLeftDelimiter = ""
    blockRightDelimiter = ""
    # default inline delimiter is $ ... $ and \\( ... \\)
    inlineLeftDelimiter = ""
    inlineRightDelimiter = ""
    # KaTeX extension copy_tex
    copyTex = true
    # KaTeX extension mhchem
    mhchem = true
  #  Mapbox GL JS config
  [params.mapbox]
    # access token of Mapbox GL JS
    accessToken = ""
    # style for the light theme
    lightStyle = "mapbox://styles/mapbox/light-v9"
    # style for the dark theme
    darkStyle = "mapbox://styles/mapbox/dark-v9"
    # whether to add NavigationControl
    navigation = true
    # whether to add GeolocateControl
    geolocate = true
    # whether to add ScaleControl
    scale = true
    # whether to add FullscreenControl
    fullscreen = true
  # Social Share Links in post page
  [params.share]
    enable = true
    Twitter = true
    Facebook = true
    Linkedin = true
    Whatsapp = true
    Pinterest = true
    # Tumblr = true
    HackerNews = true
    # Reddit = true
    # VK = true
    # Buffer = true
    # Xing = true
    # Line = true
    # Instapaper = true
    # Pocket = true
    # Digg = true
    # Stumbleupon = true
    # Flipboard = true
    # Weibo = true
    # Renren = true
    # Myspace = true
    # Blogger = true
    # Baidu = true
    # Odnoklassniki = true
    # Evernote = true
    # Skype = true
    # Trello = true
    # Mix = true
  # Comment Config
  [params.comment]
    enable = true
    # Disqus Comment Config
    [params.comment.disqus]
      # 
      enable = false
      # Disqus shortname to use Disqus in posts
      shortname = ""
    # Gitalk Comment Config
    [params.comment.gitalk]
      # 
      enable = false
      owner = ""
      repo = ""
      clientId = ""
      clientSecret = ""
    # Valine Comment Config
    [params.comment.valine]
      enable = false
      appId = ""
      appKey = ""
      placeholder = "Your comment ..."
      notify = false
      verify = true
      avatar = "mp"
      meta= ""
      pageSize = 10
      lang = "en"
      visitor = true
      recordIP = true
    # Facebook Comment Config
    [params.comment.facebook]
      enable = false
      width = "100%"
      numPosts = 10
      appId = ""
      languageCode = "en_US"
    #  Telegram Comments Config
    [params.comment.telegram]
      enable = false
      siteID = ""
      limit = 5
      height = ""
      color = ""
      colorful = true
      dislikes = false
      outlined = false

  # site verification code for Google/Bing/Yandex/Pinterest/Baidu
  [params.verification]
    google = ""
    bing = ""
    yandex = ""
    pinterest = ""
    baidu = ""
  # Publisher Info just for SEO
  [params.publisher]
    name = "xxxx"
    [params.publisher.logo]
      url = "logo.png"
      width = 127
      height = 40
  # Website Log Info just for SEO
  [params.logo]
    url = "logo.png"
    width = 127
    height = 40
  # Website Image Info just for SEO
  [params.image]
    url = "cover.png"
    width = 800
    height = 600
  # CSS and JS Files CDN
  [params.cdn]
    #  normalize.css@8.0.1
    normalizeCSS = ''
    # fontawesome-free@5.12.1
    fontawesomeFreeCSS = ''
    # [email protected] https://github.com/daneden/animate.css
    animateCSS = ''
    # smooth-scroll@16.1.2
    smoothScrollJS = ''
    #  autocomplete.js@0.37.1
    autocompleteJS = ''
    #  lunr.js@2.3.8
    lunrJS = ''
    #  algoliasearch@4.1.0
    algoliasearchJS = ''
    # lazysizes@5.2.0
    lazysizesJS = ''
    # lightgallery.js@1.1.3 [email protected] [email protected]
    lightgalleryCSS = ''
    lightgalleryJS = ''
    lightgalleryThumbnailJS = ''
    lightgalleryZoomJS = ''
    #  clipboard.js@2.0.6
    clipboardJS = ''
    # sharer@0.4.0
    sharerJS = ''
    # typeit@6.5.1
    typeitJS = ''
    # katex@0.11.1
    katexCSS = ''
    katexJS = ''
    katexAutoRenderJS = ''
    katexCopyTexCSS = ''
    katexCopyTexJS = ''
    katexMhchemJS = ''
    # mermaid@8.4.8
    mermaidJS = ''
    # echarts@4.6.0
    echartsJS = ''
    echartsMacaronsJS = ''
    #  mapbox-gl@1.8.1
    mapboxGLCSS = ''
    mapboxGLJS = ''
    # aplayer@1.10.1
    aplayerCSS = ''
    aplayerJS = ''
    # meting@2.0.1
    metingJS = ''
    # gitalk@1.6.2
    gitalkCSS = ''
    gitalkJS = ''
    # valine@1.3.10
    valineJS = ''

# Markup related configuration in Hugo
[markup]
  # Syntax Highlighting
  [markup.highlight]
    codeFences = true
    guessSyntax = true
    lineNos = true
    lineNumbersInTable = true
    # false is a necessary configuration
    # (https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt/issues/158)
    noClasses = false
  # Goldmark is from Hugo 0.60 the default library used for Markdown
  [markup.goldmark]
    [markup.goldmark.extensions]
      definitionList = true
      footnote = true
      linkify = true
      strikethrough = true
      table = true
      taskList = true
      typographer = true
    [markup.goldmark.renderer]
      # whether to use HTML tags directly in the document
      unsafe = true
  # Table Of Contents settings
  [markup.tableOfContents]
    startLevel = 2
    endLevel = 6

# Author Info
[author]
  name = "xxxx"
  link = ""

# Sitemap Info
[sitemap]
  changefreq = "weekly"
  filename = "sitemap.xml"
  priority = 0.5

# Permalinks Info
[Permalinks]
  # posts = ":year/:month/:filename"
  posts = ":filename"

# Privacy Info
[privacy]
  [privacy.googleAnalytics]
    anonymizeIP = true

  [privacy.youtube]
    privacyEnhanced = true

# Options to make output .md files
[mediaTypes]
  [mediaTypes."text/plain"]
    suffixes = ["md"]

# Options to make output .md files
[outputFormats.MarkDown]
  mediaType = "text/plain"
  isPlainText = true
  isHTML = false

# Options to make hugo output files
[outputs]
  # 
  home = ["HTML", "RSS", "JSON"]
  page = ["HTML", "MarkDown"]
  section = ["HTML", "RSS"]
  taxonomy = ["HTML", "RSS"]
  taxonomyTerm = ["HTML"]

Tips about CDN Configuration

Full HTML tags or URLs are supported for CDN configuration:

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smoothScrollJS = '<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/smooth-scroll.min.js" integrity="sha256-vP+F+14A1ogChQs5Osd5LJl/ci9TbzjiZjjEbcqOXrY=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>'
# Or
smoothScrollJS = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/smooth-scroll@16/dist/smooth-scroll.min.js'

3.2 Favicons, Browserconfig, Manifest

It is recommended to put your own favicons:

apple-touch-icon.png (180x180)
favicon-32x32.png (32x32)
favicon-16x16.png (16x16)
mstile-150x150.png (150x150)
android-chrome-192x192.png (192x192)
android-chrome-512x512.png (512x512)

into /static. They’re easily created via https://realfavicongenerator.net/.

Customize browserconfig.xml and site.webmanifest to set theme-color and background-color.

3.3 Add Logo and Cover for SEO

Add a logo image (127x40) and a cover image (800x600) in the static directory.

3.4 Style Customization

LoveIt theme has been built to be as configurable as possible by defining custom .scss style files.

The directory including the custom .scss style files is config/css relative to your project root directory.

In config/css/_override.scss, you can override the variables in themes/LoveIt/assets/css/_variables.scss to customize the style.

Here is a example:

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@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Mono:400,700&display=swap&subset=latin-ext');
$code-font-family: Fira Mono, Source Code Pro, Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, monospace;

In config/css/_custom.scss, you can add some css style code to customize the style.

4 Multilingual and i18n

LoveIt theme is fully compatible with Hugo multilingual mode, which provides in-browser language switching.

4.1 Compatibility

Language	Hugo Code	HTML `lang` Attribute
English	`en`	`en`
Simplified Chinese	`zh-cn`	`zh-CN`
French	`fr`	`fr`
Polish	`pl`	`pl`

Feel free to contribute!

4.2 Basic Configuration

After learning how Hugo handle multilingual websites, define your languages in your site configuration.

For example with English, Chinese and French website:

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# [en, zh-cn, fr, pl, ...] determines default content language
defaultContentLanguage = "en"

[languages]
  [languages.en]
    weight = 1
    title = "My New Hugo Site"
    languageCode = "en"
    languageName = "English"
    [[languages.en.menu.main]]
      identifier = "posts"
      pre = ""
      name = "Posts"
      url = "/posts/"
      title = ""
      weight = 1
    [[languages.en.menu.main]]
      identifier = "tags"
      pre = ""
      name = "Tags"
      url = "/tags/"
      title = ""
      weight = 2
    [[languages.en.menu.main]]
      identifier = "categories"
      pre = ""
      name = "Categories"
      url = "/categories/"
      title = ""
      weight = 3

  [languages.zh-cn]
    weight = 2
    title = "我的全新 Hugo 网站"
    # language code, CN only here
    languageCode = "zh-CN"
    languageName = "简体中文"
    # whether to include Chinese/Japanese/Korean
    hasCJKLanguage = true
    [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
      identifier = "posts"
      pre = ""
      name = "文章"
      url = "/posts/"
      title = ""
      weight = 1
    [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
      identifier = "tags"
      pre = ""
      name = "标签"
      url = "/tags/"
      title = ""
      weight = 2
    [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
      identifier = "categories"
      pre = ""
      name = "分类"
      url = "/categories/"
      title = ""
      weight = 3

  [languages.fr]
    weight = 3
    title = "Mon nouveau site Hugo"
    languageCode = "fr"
    languageName = "Français"
    [[languages.fr.menu.main]]
      identifier = "posts"
      pre = ""
      name = "Postes"
      url = "/posts/"
      title = ""
      weight = 1
    [[languages.fr.menu.main]]
      identifier = "tags"
      pre = ""
      name = "Balises"
      url = "/tags/"
      title = ""
      weight = 2
    [[languages.fr.menu.main]]
      identifier = "categories"
      name = "Catégories"
      pre = ""
      url = "/categories/"
      title = ""
      weight = 3

Then, for each new page, append the language code to the file name.

Single file my-page.md is split in three files:

in English: my-page.en.md
in Chinese: my-page.zh-cn.md
in French: my-page.fr.md

Note

Be aware that only translated pages are displayed in menu. It’s not replaced with default language content.

Tip

Use Front Matter parameter to translate urls too.

4.3 Overwrite Translation Strings

Translations strings are used for common default values used in the theme. Translations are available in some languages, but you may use another language or want to override default values.

To override these values, create a new file in your local i18n folder i18n/<languageCode>.toml and inspire yourself from themes/LoveIt/i18n/en.toml.

By the way, as these translations could be used by other people, please take the time to propose a translation by making a PR to the theme!

5 Search

Based on Lunr.js or algolia, searching is supported in LoveIt theme.

5.1 Output Configuration

In order to generate index.json for searching, add JSON output file type to the home of the outputs part in your site configuration.

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[outputs]
  home = ["HTML", "RSS", "JSON"]

5.2 Search Configuration

Based on index.json generated by Hugo, you could activate searching.

Here is the search configuration in your site configuration:

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[params.search]
  enable = true
  # type of search engine ("lunr", "algolia")
  type = "lunr"
  # index length of the content
  contentLength = 5000
  [params.search.algolia]
    index = ""
    appID = ""
    searchKey = ""

How to choose the type of search engine?

lunr: simple, no need to synchronize index.json, no limit for contentLength, but high bandwidth and low performance (Especially for Chinese which needs a large segmentit library)
algolia: high performance and low bandwidth, but need to synchronize index.json and limit for contentLength

Tips about algolia

You need to upload index.json files to algolia to activate searching. You could upload the index.json files by browsers but a script may be a better choice. To be compatible with Hugo multilingual mode, you need to upload different index.json for each language to the different index of algolia, such as zh-cn/index.json or fr/index.json…